Ошибка gpt pmbr size mismatch will be corrected by write

Linux gives error «GPT PMBR size mismatch will be corrected by w(rite).»

The error message is far from self-explanatory. Does this mean that Linux will (attempt to) resize the GPT partition boundaries if I mount and try to write to the disk? If so… how does it try to do this? Does it know about the issue with 512e / 4k sector size emulation?

Other users experiencing this issue have rewritten the partition table manually with success:

logical sector size changes depending on whether it is attached via USB or direct SATA

but if Linux does it automatically, that would be better (and not prone to user input error). I am on Debian Stretch with the back port 4.17 Linux kernel.

The context, if it matters:

I have an external hard drive that I removed (disk shucking) and connected to an internal SATA motherboard port. However, it is formatted and has data on it from the previous SATA disk controller.

Apparently this has something to do with 512e 4k sector size emulation. The disk reports logical sector size 512 / physical size 4096 bytes.

My data is backed up, of course. I just don’t want to have to reformat and then re-write 7TB as that will take quite a while.

Thank you.

[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
GPT PMBR size mismatch (60062499 != 60995327) will be corrected by w(rite).
The backup GPT table is corrupt, but the primary appears OK, so that will be used.

Disk /dev/sdb: 29.1 GiB, 31229607936 bytes, 60995328 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: BE4B4A96-2EDA-4A01-886E-97A3523426A3

Device       Start      End Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdb1     2048   104447  102400   50M EFI System
/dev/sdb2   104448   299007  194560   95M Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb3   299008  2252799 1953792  954M Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb4  2252800 10854399 8601600  4.1G Linux filesystem

[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# parted -l 
Model: ATA ST3500413AS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End    Size    Type      File system     Flags
 1      1049kB  496GB  496GB   primary   ext4            boot
 2      496GB   500GB  4218MB  extended
 5      496GB   500GB  4218MB  logical   linux-swap(v1)


Error: The backup GPT table is corrupt, but the primary appears OK, so that will
be used.
OK/Cancel? ok                                                             
Warning: Not all of the space available to /dev/sdb appears to be used, you can fix the GPT to use all of the space (an extra 932828 blocks) or continue with the current setting? 
Fix/Ignore? fix                                                           
Model: Kingston DataTraveler 3.0 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 31.2GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name              Flags
 1      1049kB  53.5MB  52.4MB  fat16        Linux filesystem  boot, esp
 2      53.5MB  153MB   99.6MB  ext4
 3      153MB   1153MB  1000MB  ext4
 4      1153MB  5557MB  4404MB  ext4


Error: The backup GPT table is corrupt, but the primary appears OK, so that will be used.
OK/Cancel? ok                                                             
Model: SanDisk Ultra USB 3.0 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 30.8GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name              Flags
 1      1049kB  53.5MB  52.4MB  fat16        Linux filesystem  boot, esp
 2      53.5MB  153MB   99.6MB  ext4
 3      153MB   1153MB  1000MB  ext4
 4      1153MB  5557MB  4404MB  ext4


[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# 
[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# 
[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# 
[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 29.1 GiB, 31229607936 bytes, 60995328 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: BE4B4A96-2EDA-4A01-886E-97A3523426A3

Device       Start      End Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdb1     2048   104447  102400   50M EFI System
/dev/sdb2   104448   299007  194560   95M Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb3   299008  2252799 1953792  954M Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb4  2252800 10854399 8601600  4.1G Linux filesystem

[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# mount /dev/sdb4 /mnt/usb
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb4,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error

       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail or so.
[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# 
[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# 
[email protected]:/home/liyezhen/src/sbk_debian_32bit/build/product_tools# fsck.ext4 /dev/sdb4 
e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
Superblock has an invalid journal (inode 8).
Clear<y>? yes
*** ext3 journal has been deleted - filesystem is now ext2 only ***

Описание: Решение проблемы несоответствия размеров GPT PMBR

1. parted -l восстановить таблицу разделов